Music is a curious thing. At face value, it seems to be an abstract concept, one that does not seem to be essential to human survival. Yet music is arguably as old or older than language itself, and ubiquitous in human culture. Indeed, it is an aspect of culture that seems to be ingrained in our species. Music has a profound effect on the human mind and emotion. However, for something that has such a powerful effect on us, we understand so little about it.